Mpox: A Global Health Emergency Declared by the World Health Organization

What is Mpox?

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, is a viral zoonosis (a virus transmitted from animals to humans) with symptoms similar to those seen in the past in smallpox patients, although it is clinically less severe.

How is Mpox Transmitted?

• Contact with an infected animal or human
• Contact with contaminated materials
• Respiratory droplets during prolonged face-to-face contact

Global Health Emergency Declaration

On July 23, 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the ongoing mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), the highest level of alert the WHO can issue.

Why Was it Declared a Global Health Emergency?

• Rapid spread of mpox to multiple countries
• Lack of available vaccines and treatments
• Potential for international spread and severe health consequences

Current Situation

As of August 22, 2022, there have been over 41,000 confirmed cases of mpox reported in 98 countries and territories, including over 12,000 cases in the United States.

Symptoms of Mpox

• Fever
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Rash

Prevention and Treatment

There are no specific treatments for mpox, but the symptoms can be managed with supportive care. Vaccination against smallpox has been shown to be effective in preventing mpox, and several countries are currently using vaccines to control the outbreak.

Steps to Prevent Mpox

• Avoid contact with infected animals or humans
• Practice good hygiene, including frequent handwashing
• Avoid sharing personal items
• Get vaccinated against smallpox if available

Conclusion

The mpox outbreak is a global health emergency that requires urgent action to prevent further spread and protect public health. Individuals should take steps to protect themselves from infection, and governments should work together to control the outbreak and develop effective vaccines and treatments.

References

• World Health Organization: Monkeypox
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Monkeypox
• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control: Monkeypox outbreak